Autism, a neuro-develpomental disorder, is now regarded as reaching epidemic proportions & is considered to be a major public health problem for 21st century. Isolated in worlds of their own, people with autism appear indifferent and remote and are unable to form emotional bonds with others. In general, there are no significant physical difference when comparing infants with autism to those with typical development, but it is more pronounced when compare behavioral characteristics between autistic and normal child. It may refer as “Developmental delay” for autistic child. In Bangladesh, neither substantial research nor survey has taken place as yet regarding autism. These research projects demand much expertise and funding, both of which the country lacks. So, the research hypotheses and findings of other countries are being made use of. As mentioned before, a comprehensive survey has yet to take place to determine the prevalence of autism in Bangladesh.
Researchers suggest that heredity and early fetal development play a causal role in autism. Many case-control studies explored the association between peri-natal factors, parental psychiatric history, socioeconomic status, and risk of autism. Analyses showed no statistically significant association between risk of autism and weight for gestational age, parity, number of antenatal visits, parental age, or socioeconomic status. But this is a dilemma, not confirmed by any research. Many Results suggest that prenatal environmental factors and parental psychopathology are associated with the risk of autism. These factors seem to act independently. This study views autism from socio-cultural point of view. Try to find out the socioeconomic, demographic and cultural factors, which may influence the severity of the disease, autism. In this study, avoid all kind of educational or behavioral approach and bypass the adaptive or communicational integration with the society. In study, it was found that some socioeconomic and demographic interfere the disease progress; possibility to reduce the severity of the autism. Monthly income and increase the age of the child are correlates with the autism. Both have positive effects of level of autism in autistic children. But more social researches need to amplify the findings, which ultimately help these virtually normal but functionally disabled autistic children, create hope for the helpless parents.
The word “Autism” comes from Swiss language. The main word is “Autos”. It means “Self”. When someone take away himself/herself from surroundings and build a self-centered life. Swiss Psychologist Eugen blewlur first identified Autistic Children from this phenomenon. Autism consciousness largely started after 1940. At that time western countries like USA, German and others started to thinking about Autism and also started to commence some research on it. The number of Autism gradually increases day by day.
Autism has a strong genetic basis, although the genetics of autism are complex and it is unclear whether ASD is explained more by rare mutations, or by rare combinations of common genetic variants. In rare cases, autism is strongly associated with agents that cause birth defects. Controversies surround other proposed environmental causes, such as heavy metals, pesticides or childhood vaccines. The vaccine hypotheses are biologically implausible and lack convincing scientific evidence. The prevalence of autism is about 1–2 per 1,000 people worldwide; however, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports approximately 9 per 1,000 children in the United States are diagnosed with ASD. The number of people diagnosed with autism has increased dramatically since the 1980s, partly due to changes in diagnostic practice; the question of whether actual prevalence has increased is unresolved.
Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by impairments in social reciprocity and communication, and the presence of restricted or repetitive activities. Onset of autism is before the age of three. The etiology of autism is organic, though no single pathologic event has been identified as uniquely or universally associated with the disorder. The diagnosis of autism can be made accurately at two years of age, with social and communication impairments presenting as primary impairments
Autism, a disorder, is now regarded as reaching epidemic proportions & is considered to be a major public health problem for 21st century. Isolated in worlds of their own, people with autism appear indifferent and remote and are unable to form emotional bonds with others. Although people with this baffling brain disorder can display a wide range of symptoms and disability, many are incapable of understanding other people's thoughts, feelings, and needs. Often, language and intelligence fail to develop fully, making communication and social relationships difficult. (Evidence Mounts, 2000)
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